Array in C Programming
an array is a collection of similar type of data items
and each data item is called an element of array. The data type of element may
be any valid data type like char, int, float.
The elements of array share the some variable name but
each element has a different index number known as subscript.
An array can be define as an ordered list of
homogeneous data elements. All these elements are stored in consecutive memory
location.
syntax: - data type array-name[ size of element];
Ex.-int a[10];
In C Programming, we have 3 types of arrays
1.
One
Dimensional Array
2.
Two-Dimensional
Array
3.
Multi-Dimensional
Array
o
Three-Dimensional
Array
o
Four-Dimensional
Array etc
Syntax or Declaration of One-Dimensional Array in C
- Datatype: It will decide the type of elements array will accept.
For
example: - If we want to store Float values then we declare the Data Type as float, If we want to store integer values then we declare the Data Type as
int,
etc.
- Array Name: This is name of Array who you give of Array.
For
example: - students[], age[], marks[], employees[] etc
- Array Size: Number of elements an array can hold or store.
For example: - Array[10] , array will hold 10 values.
int Student_Age [5];
1. Here, we
used int as the data type to declare an array. So, above array will accept only
integers.
2. Student_Age
is the array name
3. The size of
an Array is 5 it means; Student_Age array will only accept 5 integer values.
o
If we try to store more than 5 then it will throw an
error.
o
We can store less than 5.
For Example: - if we store only 2
integer values then remaining blank 3 which values will be assigned to default value (Which
is NULL=0).
Initialization of Array in C Programming
There are many ways to initialization the array in C
language
First Approach
int Employees [5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
Here, initialized array at the declaration time.
Second Approach
int Employees [] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
Here, we did not mention the array size, but the
compiler is intelligent enough to calculate the size by checking the number of
elements, in this way memory allocated at the execution time.
Third Approach
int Student [5] = {1, 2, 3, 4}
Here we declared Student array with size 5 but you
only assigned 4 variables. In these situations, the remaining values will be
assigned to default values NULL (0 in this case).
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